|Table of Contents|

Review on mechanisms and performance evaluation of top-down cracking in asphalt pavements(PDF)

长安大学学报（自然科学版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

Issue:
2026年01期
Page:
23-42
Research Field:
道路工程
Publishing date:

Info

Title:
Review on mechanisms and performance evaluation of top-down cracking in asphalt pavements
Author(s):
LING Meng;  CHEN Hao;  XU Ying;  CUI Ying-ze;  YANG Meng
(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102616, China)
Keywords:
asphalt pavement;  top-down cracking;  fracture mechanics;  performance prediction model;  long-life pavement
PACS:
U418.6
DOI:
10.19721/j.cnki.1671-8879.2026.01.002
Abstract:
To further improve the service life of asphalt pavement surface-layer in China, a review was conducted on the top-down(TD)cracking mechanism and performance evaluation. Relevant studies at home and abroad were reviewed from five dimensions: the macroscopic characteristics, cracking mechanism, influencing factors, prediction model, and performance evaluation test of TD cracks of asphalt pavements. The time of TD crack generation and evolution laws of cracks on pavement surface and along depth direction were clarified. The control effects of tensile stress, shear stress, and the two simultaneously acting on crack initiation and propagation were discussed. The influences of load, environment, structure, and material factors on cracking performance were analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of TD crack prediction methods based on empirical model, mechanistic-empirical model, and machine learning model were compared. The progresses and limitations of performance evaluation tests, including full-scale accelerated pavement test(APT), uniaxial penetration test(UPT), and semi-circular bending(SCB)test, were summarized. The research results show that the propagation of TD cracks on pavement surface exhibits three-stage characteristics. TD cracks shift toward the direction of the applied load during downward propagation. TD cracking is subjected to multiple stresses, its mechanism is complex, and a unified understanding has not been reached. This will be a key and a hot topic for future research. Many factors influence the TD cracking. The effect of a single factor is clarified at present. However, the evolution law of cracks under multi-factor coupling effects and their mutual influence relationships are still unclear. Compared with the traditional empirical model and mechanistic-empirical model, the data-driven machine learning model shows better fitting and prediction potential in dealing with high-dimensional nonlinearity and multi-factor interactions, but the generalization ability, interpretability and fusion with mechanistic model still need further research. For the TD cracking performance of asphalt pavement, although indoor uniaxial penetration test and accelerated pavement test can effectively reveal the macroscopic development laws of cracks, a standardized and efficient evaluation method that can accurately simulate complex working conditions is still lacking. In future, a standardized performance evaluation system combining laboratory and field should be developed and improved to support the realization of long-life pavement servicetargets.2 tabs, 15 figs, 103 refs.

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Last Update: 2026-02-20